Ecological Sensitivity Design Framework: Resident Behavior Optimization and Resource Balancing Strategies in Tourist Congestion Environments

Abstract

This study embarks from an interdisciplinary standpoint,synthesizing environmental psychology,tourism studies,and sociological theories,and takes the Hunza region in Pakistan as a case study to investigate the impact of tourist congestion on resident behavior and the resource environment.By constructing an ecological sensitivity design framework,the study analyzes the relationship between tourist congestion and sustainable tourism,as well as the relationship between tourist congestion and residents'approach/avoidance reactions,and the moderating role of residents'environmental behaviors.This framework provides a basis for the management of tourist destinations,aiming to achieve a balance between tourism and the lives and environment of residents.The study finds that tourist congestion is negatively correlated with sustainable tourism,positively correlated with avoidance reactions,and negatively correlated with approach reactions.Sustainable tourism is positively correlated with approach reactions and negatively correlated with avoidance reactions.Residents'environmental behaviors can mitigate the negative impacts of tourist congestion on sustainable tourism,and factors such as gender and age do not significantly affect the differences in residents'perceptions of tourist congestion and their behavioral reactions.